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Firms across the globe are often directly or indirectly reliant on foreign direct investment, often through the development of a “joint venture”. Moreover, such cash flows sustain much of a nation’s economic activity. To support the operation of these firms it is becoming accepted that learning about the host culture has a role to play in their betterment. However, there is a lack of understanding of how enjoining cultures might collide in the daily execution of conjoint management practices; and further, how such conflicts may be resolved. Generally, the authors suggest enterprises should become “cultural literate” to improve their understanding of exchanging or brokering knowledge between peers within the firm, or through linking with individuals in other firms. The bulk of the paper concentrates on West‐East differences, questioning how these may affect managers in the multinational enterprises given their espoused concern for an effective exchange of knowledge.

It is widely believed that JIT processes are a fundamental necessity for a business and, as a consequence, for the product chain also. Thus JIT should be extended to subcontractors. Presents observations gleaned in Japan and South Korea on the issues faced by spring manufacturers in terms of JIT, quality control and other workplace factors. Concludes that the style of management operated by the client firms, especially in Japan, would not be appropriate in the UK. Also, since the psychological characteristics of UK persons are quite unlike those of the Orientals, we should be wary of importing, without modification, the work practices which seem to be acceptable in Japan and South Korea. Proposes that we should play to our strengths and continue to be innovative and individualistic while attempting to modify our management style to be more attentive to the longer term.

State of Tennessee v. John T. Scopes tested the legality of the Butler Act which made it unlawful for public school teachers “to teach any theory that denies the story of the Divine Creation of man as taught in the Bible.” The media event became known as the “Monkey Trial” and brought a flood of publicity to rural Dayton, Tennessee, turning the creation vs. evolution debate into a national conversation. This dialog and debate caused Americans to consider the powerful influence of traditional religious beliefs and to examine how ideology fares when challenged by modernism and the advancement of scientific theory. Accordingly, the Scopes Trail is included in national curriculum standards for middle grades to foster historical inquiry and encourage students’ contemplation of concepts and factors associated with human thinking, feeling, and behavior. The historical fiction in Monkey Town presents the trial and related hysteria through the observations of a 15-year-old local girl trying to discover what she believes. This lesson encourages learners to critically analyze the relationships between ideas and practices. It enables students’ cursory exploration into issues and conflicts, allowing them to develop discussion and critical thinking skills by considering different perspectives in a historical setting.

Communications regarding this column should be addressed to Mrs. Cheney, Peabody Library School, Nashville, Term. 37203. Mrs. Cheney does not sell the books listed here. They are available through normal trade sources. Mrs. Cheney, being a member of the editorial board of Pierian Press, will not review Pierian Press reference books in this column. Descriptions of Pierian Press reference books will be included elsewhere in this publication.

Aim of the present monograph is the economic analysis of the role of MNEs regarding globalisation and digital economy and in parallel there is a reference and examination of some legal aspects concerning MNEs, cyberspace and e‐commerce as the means of expression of the digital economy. The whole effort of the author is focused on the examination of various aspects of MNEs and their impact upon globalisation and vice versa and how and if we are moving towards a global digital economy.

Before leaving the subject of the relations of the Public Analyst to the Medical Officer of Health it is desirable to refer to a matter which sometimes gives rise to difficulties and to disagreements between the two officers. Apparently by a legal oversight the duty of looking after the water supply of a district is allotted to the Medical Officer—but there is nothing to show in what way and to what extent he is to be personally occupied in carrying out this task. It also happens that water is specifically excluded from the scope of the Sale of Food and Drugs Acts, and, in view of these circumstances, some Medical Officers have adopted the idea that their duties are not to be limited to administrative work in this connection, but that it is also incumbent on them to make the necessary analyses; while in other, and perhaps more frequent instances the local autherities, particularly in country districts, deliberately place that burden on the shoulders of the Medical Officer when arranging the conditions of his appointment.